Animal health

Cats living as companion animals in our homes have their needs covered by their guardians. Despite a preconception of being solitary and even selfish, domestic felines develop close bonds with their human companions. The strength of these bonds will depend on the individuals involved, as well as environmental,...

Hydrogen peroxide is a widely used antiseptic that is commonly administered to treat minor injuries or other health problems in humans. It is often used topically, but can be used to treat ear infections and other ailments. Generally speaking, a dog's skin is more sensitive than our own. Even in diluted...

Ear infections, also known as otitis, are a common issue for dogs and can cause them a lot of discomfort. Many pet owners look for natural or home remedies to help their dogs feel better, and hydrogen peroxide is one remedy that has gained popularity. This household antiseptic is often used to clean wounds...

Chlorambucil is the active compound which is used for certain chemotherapy drugs. It is used in both human and veterinary medicine. As a chemotherapy drug, it is mainly used to treat cancers. Its action is as an alkylation agent, meaning it attaches itself to DNA in cancer cells and prevents their formation....

A splenic tumor in dogs is an abnormal growth on the spleen, a lymphoid organ which plays an important role in the immune system. It can be said to act as a kind of filter for blood, storing platelets, removing old red blood cells and metabolizing hemoglobin. Although a very important organ, it is not...

Eye discharge is often a clear sign that something is wrong, and while it might be tempting to wait and see if it resolves on its own, addressing the issue promptly is crucial. Various underlying factors—ranging from infections and allergies to more serious health conditions—could be causing this symptom....

Symblepharon in cats is an ocular condition whereby the conjunctiva of the eyelid attach the the outer conjunctiva of the eyeball. These are known as the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, respectively. In can occur in one or both eyes, resulting in various symptoms such as discomfort and inflammation....

Our cat's eyes are indicators of their general health. While they will produce tears for normal lubrication, any abnormal discharge is a sign of a possible threat to their well-being. Different colorations of this discharge will help to diagnose the problem, although an official diagnosis will be required...

Epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, is not only a concern in humans but can also affect our feline companions. While seizures in cats are relatively rare, they can signal serious underlying health issues. For pet owners, witnessing a cat experience a seizure can be alarming,...

Whether from flea bites, wounds or other causes, cats can develop scabs when their skin is broken and the healing process has begun. Especially those with access to outside, it is common for a cat to receive minor cuts and wounds which will heal over time. However, some diseases and other more serious health...

Dogs, like humans, can exhibit signs of depression. While they can’t verbally express their emotions, their behavior can offer clues. Common signs include decreased interest in activities, changes in sleep or appetite, lethargy, and withdrawal. If you suspect your dog might be depressed, it’s crucial...

A trichobezoar is a mass of hair that is trapped inside the gastrointestinal system. More commonly known as hairballs, they are a phenomenon we most often associate with cats. This is because felines are known for their high levels of grooming. They are a problem which can similarly affect rabbits. Rabbits...

Abscesses in cats are painful accumulations of pus that result from bacterial infections. When an abscess forms, the body encapsulates the pus in connective tissue to contain the infection and prevent it from spreading. However, if bacteria or microorganisms escape into the bloodstream, it can pose a serious...

Due to the detrimental effects of stress on their organism, it is possible a cat can die from stress. Felines are very sensitive animals, especially those which only live indoors. Stress is a natural response which allows cats to perceive uncomfortable or threatening situations and react appropriately. Unfortunately,...

If your dog frequently goes outside, plays with other animals and also has a garden at home, it will be much more susceptible to a parasite infestation. Most commonly, these involve fleas and ticks. Deworming is absolutely essential in keeping your pet healthy. If not, it could develop a serious illness,...

Sedation often raises many questions and concerns for dog owners, yet it is sometimes necessary to help our dogs avoid pain or stress during certain procedures. In veterinary clinics, sedation is commonly used for minor surgeries, wound care, dental cleanings, and diagnostic tests. Rest assured, veterinary...

Dermatitis in cats is a common and troublesome skin condition marked by inflammation, itching, and often hair loss. This condition can stem from various factors, including environmental allergens, food sensitivities, parasitic infestations, bacterial or fungal infections, hormonal imbalances, and autoimmune...

Also known as halitosis, bad breath in cats is a relatively common problem. Due to their diet and penchant for putting almost anything they find in their mouth, even a healthy cat can have problems with bad breath. It doesn't mean it is a problem for them, but when they come to our face for a cuddle,...

A dog that suddenly stops moving is in trouble. While you may see they are still breathing, their lack of response means there is a serious problem with their organism which needs immediate veterinary attention. It is not common and some of the reasons why a dog stops moving are potentially fatal. You...

Various types of tumors can appear on our dog's body. Although they can be completely benign, the fear of a malignant tumor is a call to action to achieve a quick diagnosis. This is the case with canine fibrosarcoma, a malignant tumor that affects the soft connective tissues of their body. It is a result...

Clindamycin is a type of antibiotic which is used to treat various bacterial infections. It is used in both human and veterinary medicine. It is a prescription-only drug, meaning that it can only be given to an animal with express permission from a qualified veterinarian. Giving any drug to an animal...

Anal sacculitis is a condition affecting dogs that occurs when the anal glands become obstructed or infected. This can lead to discomfort, pain, and difficulty defecating. While anal sacculitis can be uncomfortable for dogs, it's usually treatable with proper veterinary care. If you notice your dog exhibiting...

Vaccinations are a form of preventive medicine which can stop the spread of serious diseases within the canine community. They are recommended by veterinarians and many countries have mandatory vaccination laws for certain diseases. For example, many US states require rabies vaccinations. These vaccinations...

Any type of vomit in your cat is cause for concern, but guardians may be confused if their cat is throwing up water. There are many causes of throwing up a clear liquid, but if it is prolonged for more than 24 hours or is accompanied by other symptoms, it is important to seek veterinary advice. A cat...

Preventing parasitic infections in our dogs is necessary throughout their lives, but a pregnant dog is particularly vulnerable to infestation. The gestation of her puppies is a process which takes a lot of energy, requiring dietary changes and an added level of care by her guardians. After she delivers...

When we speak of side effects of anesthesia in dogs, we might think of worrying consequences which might occur due to reactions or complications. It is first important to note that certain side effects of anesthesia are completely normal and will not threaten the dog's health in the long term. For example,...

Complications after neutering surgery are rare, but we need to be observant for any possible sign of a problem. Some symptoms are more obvious than others, such as bleeding from the incision wound. A dog not urinating after they have been neutered can be observed if they struggle or simply do not attempt...

While spaying is recommended by veterinarians for female dogs, there are many guardians who question whether it is best for their canine. Even if they do not want their dog to have puppies, some fear their dog may have negative repercussions. Especially if the dog is an adult, they will have developed...

Is your senior dog struggling to walk? One of the most common signs of aging in dogs is weakness or difficulty using their hind legs. This can be caused by a variety of factors, ranging from wear-and-tear conditions like arthritis to injuries or even neurological problems. In this sense, early diagnosis...

Cats are naturally curious animals that often use their mouths to explore their environment. They are also known to eat parts of plants, especially types of grasses. Although the reasons for this behavior are poorly understood, it is believed they do so to help digestion. Unfortunately, there are plants which...

External parasites in cats use their hosts to breed and search out new hosts. This means felines which live in groups are prone to cross-infestation. Cat colonies of feral cats often have high rates of infestation, but up to 29.6% of domestic cats also have external parasites. While ear mites are the most common,...

Spaying a dog is a form of neutering. This is permanent sterilization which prevents the dog from becoming pregnant with puppies. While there are some variations, the most common form of spaying is an ovariohysterectomy. During this procedure, the uterus and ovaries are removed. The benefits to the dog...

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive drug that is used to treat allergic processes and immune-mediated diseases in both human and veterinary medicine. The diseases it treats affect various organs and bodily systems. It is a drug with high efficacy and is considered safe since its side effects are usually...

Flea infestations can be a real hassle for both you and your cat. Their bites cause intense itching, redness, and irritation, leading to excessive scratching and potentially open wounds on your cat's skin. While you might have heard baking soda is a natural remedy for fleas, it's important to understand its...

Mistaking a bloated belly in a cat for simply eating too much could be a costly mistake. Although gastrointestinal problems are a common cause of feline distended abdomen, there are many causes which can result in this symptom. Some causes can be easily treatable, others can be life threatening. For this...

Spaying is a procedure which results in permanent sterilization of a dog. While there are some variations, in most cases it entails an ovariohysterectomy. This is the surgical removal of both the ovaries and the uterus. These reproductive organs produce sex hormones which influence canine behaviors such as humping....

While cats typically have bowel movements every 12-24 hours, a lack of poop can signal a potential health issue. When waste products aren't eliminated regularly, they can harden and become difficult to pass, causing constipation. This can be painful for your cat and, if left untreated, can lead to a...

Spaying is a process of permanent sterilization of a female cat, meaning they can no longer reproduce sexually. In addition to preventing unwanted pregnancies, it has many benefits for the individual cat's health and overall well-being. The stage at which the cat is neutered will have an impact on these benefits,...

When a cat has swollen and red gums, guardians often first notice it due to the cat's bad breath. This is because the inflammation is linked to bacteria in the mouth which is often accompanied by plaque and tartar buildup. While painful and stressful on their own, they can cause serious repercussions...

Metronidazole is a commonly prescribed antibiotic in human medicine, but it has also veterinary uses. Although antibiotics are used primarily to treat bacterial infections, metronidazole has some effectiveness against protozoan infections such as giardiasis. Often sold under the trade name Flagyl, it...

Finding a lump in your dog's mouth should be worrying to any guardian. While it suggests there may be the presence of a tumor, it is also possible they have serious periodontal problem such as an abscessed tooth. These are not only uncomfortable and sometimes very painful, they can threaten the dog's life....

Diarrhea in cats is a symptom of many disorders. Although it results as a disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, the underlying causes of diarrhea are diverse. They include both physical and psychological health issues. While it is a relatively common disorder in felines, it is also a symptom of certain very...

Dog bites are a common concern for pet owners and anyone interacting with canines. While most dog bites are minor, it's important to be able to recognize different types of injuries and know when to seek professional help. This article will guide you through the various ways a dog bite can manifest,...

Neutering is the permanent sterilization of a dog via the removal of their sex organs. In male dogs, castration is usually carried out. This is a relatively simple process during which the scrotum is incised and the testicles are removed. In female dogs, the most common procedure is an ovariohysterectomy,...

Enrofloxacin for cats is a broad-spectrum antibiotic which is commonly sold under the brand name Baytril. Antibiotics are medications with either kill bacteria or inhibit their growth to prevent the spread of infection. Enrofloxacin is a type of antibiotic known as a fluoroquinolone, meaning it is a broad-spectrum...

Joint pain in dogs is a result of various disorders, with inflammatory processes such as arthritis being of particular prevalence. It can also be a result of infections, trauma and even metabolic disorders. These are serious veterinary medical conditions which need corresponding treatment to treat symptoms,...

Is your dog constantly scratching, biting, and chewing at their fur? Itching is a symptom of an underlying issue, and understanding the cause is key to bringing relief to your pet. Dogs don't scratch themselves for no reason. It's a natural reaction to irritation or discomfort. When a dog is constantly...

When a cat has fleas, letting them sleep in our bed is a mistake. Fleas are ectoparasites of cats and can cause them great discomfort. They feed on the blood of the cat, biting their skin to do so. This results in an inflammatory response, something which is greatly exacerbated the more fleas there...

Solensia for cats is a veterinary medicine intended to treat osteoarthritic pain in felines. Osteoarthritis is a common disease in cats, especially as they age. It can result in significant discomfort and pain, negatively impacting quality of life to varying degrees. The active ingredient in Solensia for cats...

Cats are known for being very hygienic animals, often cleaning parts which seem impossible to reach. While some have more difficulty than others, they can clean their behind by bending over and latching on to their legs. When we see a cat has stool on their butt after using the litter box, it might suggest...